Deconstructing Sexism: Examining the Role of Social Dominance Orientation in the Relationship Between Agency and Sexism in India and Mexico

Abstract

Gender inequality and sexism persist globally. This study explores the cultural mechanisms behind these issues, examining how Community Collectivism and Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) predict Ambivalent Sexism. Participants from India and Mexico (N= 508; 252 females) completed measures of agency (individual and communal), sexism (hostile and benevolent), and SDO. Results revealed more complex interactions than anticipated. While individual agency was not directly linked to hostile sexism, it did predict benevolent sexism, with SDO partially mediating this relationship. Community agency, on the other hand, positively correlated with both types of sexism. While the analysis did not support a simple mediation effect for SDO, the findings suggest a more complex interaction between community agency, SDO and the two types of sexism. These findings challenge the assumption that agency inherently reduces sexism. Different explanations are explored for how individuals potentially use agency to justify benevolent sexism within group hierarchies. The study highlights the need for further research, particularly exploring the influence of SDO on sexism. By understanding these intricate relationships, we can develop more effective interventions to combat sexism and promote gender equality.