The similarities and differences in modeling videos between cueing and eye movement modeling examples

Abstract

Attention guiding is an instructional method often used in multimedia learning. One form of attention guiding is called cueing This method uses a cue (e.g. pointing arrow, highlight) to guide a learner’s attention to a certain key visual element during a video to enhance learning. A recent development in the cueing department has been the use of Eye Movement Modeling Examples (EMME). EMME have been shown to find mixed results, much like Cueing Modeling Examples (CME). This brought to question whether these two methods are generalizable. To investigate this an experiment was conducted with 46 Dutch middle school students learning geometry problems using the F-rule and Z-rule. The objective was to see how an EMME, CME and non-visual guided modeling example compare in learning outcome, mental effort and instructional quality. This study found no difference in the variables between the conditions. One reason this could have been was because the sample consisted of relatively high prior knowledge individuals. Findings were further discussed in terms of theoretical and practical implications.