Just Energy Transition on the local level

Abstract

This thesis has explored the perspectives of coal-dependent communities in Ermelo, South Africa, on the energy transition through the lens of the three-tenet framework of energy justice. Methodologically, the research employs qualitative methods, including participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, and a focus group discussion, to gather insights from community members and topic-focused experts. The research identifies significant concerns across distributive, recognition, and procedural justice. Communities fear that phasing out coal will exacerbate existing socio-economic challenges, including unemployment and energy poverty, while lacking adequate consultation and participation in decision-making processes. The study further highlights the ingrained economic, cultural and livelihood dependency on coal and the necessity of integrating local needs, awareness, and knowledge into decision- making surrounding an energy transition. Findings suggest that a just energy transition must address systemic socio-economic inequalities, ensure transparent and inclusive decision- making, and recognize the cultural and practical of coal to these communities. In conclusion, a just energy transition requires the need to acknowledge historical inequalities and ensure the voices of the communities are heard.